Effective employee feedback is neither a sandwich nor a seagull
Editor’s note: Kevin Higgins is the CEO of Fusion Learning Inc., a New York sales training company. He is also the author of Engage Me: Strategies From The Sales Effectiveness Source.
Managers recognize that their teams need feedback to improve and be successful. However, many provide feedback without having a clearly defined way of doing so effectively. Feedback ends up as a one-way conversation delivered from the manager to the performer.
One-way feedback conversations come in one of two types. The first is the sandwich, where the manager presents the performer with what they did well, “sandwiches” in negative feedback in the middle and wraps it up with more positive feedback. It’s a habit based on years and years of history “giving feedback” – and it’s a habit we have to break. Remember, if you tell the performer, the conversation is one-way, but if you ask them, it is now two-way.
The second is the seagull model, which is even worse. This is a situation where the manager doesn’t attempt to engage the performer – they simply state negative feedback and move on. This is why I liken it to seagulls: They fly by, poop and fly on.
You never want to provide seagull feedback. Feedback must be a two-way process with self-discovery by the performer being the first and most critical step.
The two-way effective feedback conversation has four easy-to-follow steps:
Step 1. Ask the performer what they did well.
Step 2. You add what you feel they did well.
Step 3. Ask the performer what they will do differently next time.
Step 4. You add what you would suggest they do differently next time.
Steps 1 and 2 build confidence. We need confident team members. Steps 3 and 4 build skill. All four steps create a confident, skilled and engaged team member.
Do we spend an equal amount of time in each of these steps? No. Definitely not! Different people have different capacities for feedback and different abilities to assimilate information. Those lacking confidence need more in Steps 1 and 2. Those who are very confident but lack skill need more time in Steps 3 and 4 – but be careful that it comes after reinforcing confidence in Steps 1 and 2.
Effective two-way feedback is common sense. The four steps are not a scientific breakthrough but they are not common practice. Making them common practice will engage your team.
Once this four-step process is in place and well-embedded in your culture, you’ll find team members are so well-versed in feedback that they can actually provide themselves with clear, actionable, realistic and balanced feedback on a daily basis.